Search results for "Statistical theory"

showing 10 items of 10 documents

Probabilities, States, Statistics

2016

In this chapter we clarify some important notions which are relevant in a statistical theory of heat: The definitions of probability measure, and of thermodynamic states are illustrated, successively, by the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, by Fermi-Dirac statistics and by Bose-Einstein statistics. We discuss observables and their eigenvalue spectrum as well as entropy and we calculate these quantities for some examples. The chapter closes with a comparison of statistical descriptions of classical and quantum gases.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesBinary entropy functionEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)StatisticsLaw of total probabilityObservableBlack-body radiationStatistical theoryEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematicsProbability measure
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Assessing the Impact of Temporary Retail Price Discounts Intervals Using SVM Semiparametric Regression

2009

Although the marketing literature has found that temporary retail price discounts cause a significant sales increase, little is known about the specific characteristics of deals that influence the magnitude of the sales spike. In this paper, we analyse the impact of the length of temporary retail price discounts periods on the sales increase using scanner-store daily-sales data for two frequently purchased product categories: ground coffee (a storable category) and yogurt (a perishable category).Wedevelop a robust semiparametric regression model based on support vector statistical theory with several previously proposed predictors along with a daily time description. This model also makes i…

MarketingEconomics and EconometricsTelecomunicacionesFinancial economicsSupport vector machineEconometricsGround coffeeSpike (software development)3325 Tecnología de las TelecomunicacionesSemiparametric regressionBusinessBusiness and International ManagementStatistical theory
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Improvement of Statistical Decisions under Parametric Uncertainty

2011

A large number of problems in production planning and scheduling, location, transportation, finance, and engineering design require that decisions be made in the presence of uncertainty. Decision‐making under uncertainty is a central problem in statistical inference, and has been formally studied in virtually all approaches to inference. The aim of the present paper is to show how the invariant embedding technique, the idea of which belongs to the authors, may be employed in the particular case of finding the improved statistical decisions under parametric uncertainty. This technique represents a simple and computationally attractive statistical method based on the constructive use of the i…

Mathematical optimizationbusiness.industryDecision ruleMachine learningcomputer.software_genreFrequentist inferenceFiducial inferenceStatistical inferenceSensitivity analysisArtificial intelligenceStatistical theorybusinesscomputerUncertainty analysisParametric statisticsMathematicsAIP Conference Proceedings
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The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: Investigating the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

2012

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich heavy-ions systems at intermediate energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear Equation Of State (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI la…

Particle physicsHistoryQC1-999Nuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesand isobaric spin 24.10.Pa Thermal and statistical models[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]EducationNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)nuclear physics; heavy-ions; symmetry energy; Au+Au collisionsNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicssezelePhysicsOrder (ring theory)Nuclear equation of stateObservableNuclear Experiment; Nuclear Experiment21.65.-f Nuclear matter 27.80.+w 190(less-than-or-equal-to)A(less-than-or-equal-to)219 24.60.-k Statistical theory and fluctuations 25.75.Gz Particle correlations and fluctuations 21.10.Hw SpinSymmetry (physics)Term (time)Computer Science ApplicationsparityNuclear reactionsSaturation (chemistry)NucleonEnergy (signal processing)
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Prediction of quantum many-body chaos in protactinium atom

2017

Energy level spectrum of protactinium atom (Pa, Z=91) is simulated with a CI calculation. Levels belonging to the separate manifolds of a given total angular momentum and parity $J^\pi$ exhibit distinct properties of many-body quantum chaos. Moreover, an extremely strong enhancement of small perturbations takes place. As an example, effective three-electron interaction is investigated and found to play a significant role in the system. Chaotic properties of the eigenstates allow one to develop a statistical theory and predict probabilities of different processes in chaotic systems.

PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsChaoticFOS: Physical sciencesParity (physics)Configuration interaction01 natural sciencesQuantum chaosPhysics - Atomic PhysicsTotal angular momentum quantum numberQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesStatistical theory010306 general physicsQuantumEigenvalues and eigenvectors
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Design of Multiresolution Operators Using Statistical Learning Tools: Application to Compression of Signals

2012

Using multiresolution based on Harten's framework [J. Appl. Numer. Math., 12 (1993), pp. 153---192.] we introduce an alternative to construct a prediction operator using Learning statistical theory. This integrates two ideas: generalized wavelets and learning methods, and opens several possibilities in the compressed signal context. We obtain theoretical results which prove that this type of schemes (LMR schemes) are equal to or better than the classical schemes. Finally, we compare traditional methods with the algorithm that we present in this paper.

Signal processingOperator (computer programming)WaveletTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceCompression (functional analysis)SIGNAL (programming language)Context (language use)Construct (python library)Statistical theoryAlgorithm
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Statistical inference and Monte Carlo algorithms

1996

This review article looks at a small part of the picture of the interrelationship between statistical theory and computational algorithms, especially the Gibbs sampler and the Accept-Reject algorithm. We pay particular attention to how the methodologies affect and complement each other.

Statistics and ProbabilityDecision theoryMonte Carlo methodMarkov chain Monte CarloStatistics::ComputationComplement (complexity)symbols.namesakeStatistical inferencesymbolsMonte Carlo method in statistical physicsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyStatistical theoryAlgorithmGibbs samplingMathematicsTest
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Generalized Symmetry Models for Hypercubic Concordance Tables

2000

Summary Frequency data obtained classifying a sample of 'units' by the same categorical variable repeatedly over 'components', can be arranged in a hypercubic concordance table (h.c.t.). This kind of data naturally arises in a number of different areas such as longitudinal studies, studies using matched and clustered data, item-response analysis, agreement analysis. In spite of the substantial diversity of the mechanisms that can generate them, data arranged in a h.c.t. can all be analyzed via models of symmetry and quasi-symmetry, which exploit the special structure of the h.c.t. The paper extends the definition of such models to any dimension, introducing the class of generalized symmetry…

Statistics and ProbabilityLongitudinal dataItem-response analysiStructure (category theory)InferenceClass (philosophy)Statistical modelClusteringAgreementAlgebraGeneralized symmetry modelMatchingDimension (data warehouse)Statistical theoryStatistics Probability and UncertaintySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaLikelihood functionCategorical variableAlgorithmMathematicsInternational Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique
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Linear Recursive Equations, Covariance Selection, and Path Analysis

1980

Abstract By defining a reducible zero pattern and by using the concept of multiplicative models, we relate linear recursive equations that have been introduced by econometrician Herman Wold (1954) and path analysis as it was proposed by geneticist Sewall Wright (1923) to the statistical theory of covariance selection formulated by Arthur Dempster (1972). We show that a reducible zero pattern is the condition under which parameters as well as least squares estimates in recursive equations are one-to-one transformations of parameters and of maximum likelihood estimates, respectively, in a decomposable covariance selection model. As a consequence, (a) we can give a closed-form expression for t…

Statistics and ProbabilityMathematical optimizationEstimation of covariance matricesCovariance functionCovariance matrixLaw of total covarianceApplied mathematicsRational quadratic covariance functionCovariance intersectionStatistics Probability and UncertaintyCovarianceStatistical theoryMathematicsJournal of the American Statistical Association
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Statistical inference as a decision problem: the choice of sample size

1997

Statistics and ProbabilityPredictive inferenceSampling distributionFrequentist inferenceSample size determinationStatisticsEconometricsFiducial inferenceStatistical inferenceInfluence diagramStatistical theoryMathematicsJournal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician)
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